589 lines
19 KiB
Bash
589 lines
19 KiB
Bash
#!/usr/bin/env bash
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# =============================================================================
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# setup-cf-browser-ssh.sh
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# Cloudflare Browser-rendered SSH + Short-lived Certificate 服务器端一键配置
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# 支持系统：Ubuntu / Debian
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#
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# 功能：
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# 1. 安装 cloudflared（如未安装）
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# 2. 可选：用 Tunnel Token 注册 cloudflared 系统服务
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# 3. 写入 Cloudflare CA 公钥到 /etc/ssh/ca.pub
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# 4. 配置 sshd_config 信任 Cloudflare CA
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# 5. 配置用户名映射（支持 root 共享登录）
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# 6. 校验 sshd 配置并 reload
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#
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# 用法：
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# 交互式（推荐）：
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# sudo bash setup-cf-browser-ssh.sh
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#
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# 非交互式（全部参数传入）：
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# sudo bash setup-cf-browser-ssh.sh \
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# --ca-pubkey "ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 AAAA... open-ssh-ca@cloudflareaccess.org" \
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# --sso-email admin@example.com \
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# --tunnel-token "eyJhIjoiNz..."
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#
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# 选项：
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# --ca-pubkey <string|filepath> Cloudflare short-lived CA 公钥（内容或文件路径）
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# --sso-email <email> Cloudflare SSO 登录邮箱（用于提取用户名）
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# --login-user <username> 浏览器终端登录的 Linux 用户（默认：root）
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# --tunnel-token <token> cloudflared Tunnel Token（可选，不传则跳过服务注册）
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# --skip-cloudflared 跳过 cloudflared 安装
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# --allow-all-principals 允许任意 Access 用户登录 --login-user（默认开启 root 时自动启用）
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# --dry-run 只打印将要执行的操作，不实际修改
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# -h, --help 显示帮助
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#
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# 回滚：
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# 脚本会在修改前备份 sshd_config，备份文件名如 sshd_config.bak.20260412_120000
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# 如果 sshd -t 校验失败，脚本会自动还原备份并拒绝 reload。
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# =============================================================================
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set -euo pipefail
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# ----- 颜色输出 -----
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RED='\033[0;31m'
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GREEN='\033[0;32m'
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YELLOW='\033[1;33m'
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CYAN='\033[0;36m'
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NC='\033[0m' # No Color
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info() { echo -e "${GREEN}[INFO]${NC} $*"; }
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warn() { echo -e "${YELLOW}[WARN]${NC} $*"; }
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err() { echo -e "${RED}[ERROR]${NC} $*" >&2; }
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step() { echo -e "\n${CYAN}===> $*${NC}"; }
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# ----- 默认值 -----
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CA_PUBKEY=""
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SSO_EMAIL=""
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LOGIN_USER=""
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TUNNEL_TOKEN=""
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SKIP_CLOUDFLARED=false
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ALLOW_ALL_PRINCIPALS=false
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DRY_RUN=false
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# 从完整命令或纯 token 中提取 tunnel token
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# 支持输入: "sudo cloudflared service install eyJ..." 或直接 "eyJ..."
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extract_tunnel_token() {
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local input="$1"
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# 去掉首尾空白
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input="$(echo "$input" | xargs)"
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# 如果包含 "install"，取最后一个参数作为 token
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if [[ "$input" == *"install "* ]]; then
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input="${input##*install }"
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input="$(echo "$input" | awk '{print $1}')"
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fi
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echo "$input"
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}
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SSHD_CONFIG="/etc/ssh/sshd_config"
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CA_PUB_FILE="/etc/ssh/ca.pub"
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BACKUP_SUFFIX="bak.$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S)"
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# ----- 参数解析 -----
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while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
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case "$1" in
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--ca-pubkey) CA_PUBKEY="$2"; shift 2 ;;
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--sso-email) SSO_EMAIL="$2"; shift 2 ;;
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--login-user) LOGIN_USER="$2"; shift 2 ;;
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--tunnel-token) TUNNEL_TOKEN="$(extract_tunnel_token "$2")"; shift 2 ;;
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--skip-cloudflared) SKIP_CLOUDFLARED=true; shift ;;
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--allow-all-principals) ALLOW_ALL_PRINCIPALS=true; shift ;;
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--dry-run) DRY_RUN=true; shift ;;
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-h|--help)
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awk '/^# =====/{ if(n++) exit } n{ sub(/^# ?/,""); print }' "$0"
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exit 0
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;;
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*) err "未知参数: $1"; exit 1 ;;
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esac
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done
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# ----- 前置检查 -----
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check_root() {
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if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
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err "请使用 root 或 sudo 执行此脚本"
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exit 1
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fi
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}
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check_os() {
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if [[ ! -f /etc/os-release ]]; then
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err "无法检测操作系统，此脚本仅支持 Ubuntu/Debian"
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exit 1
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fi
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# shellcheck source=/dev/null
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source /etc/os-release
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case "$ID" in
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ubuntu|debian) info "检测到系统: $PRETTY_NAME" ;;
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*)
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err "此脚本仅支持 Ubuntu/Debian，当前系统: $ID"
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exit 1
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;;
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esac
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}
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# ----- 交互式收集缺失参数 -----
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prompt_missing_params() {
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# CA 公钥
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if [[ -z "$CA_PUBKEY" ]]; then
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echo ""
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warn "未提供 Cloudflare CA 公钥。"
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echo " 获取方式：Cloudflare One → Access controls → Service credentials → SSH"
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echo " → 选择对应 Application → 复制 CA public key"
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echo ""
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read -rp "请粘贴 CA 公钥（一行，以 ecdsa-sha2 或 ssh-rsa 开头），或输入本地文件路径: " CA_PUBKEY
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fi
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# 如果是文件路径，读取内容
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if [[ -f "$CA_PUBKEY" ]]; then
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info "从文件读取 CA 公钥: $CA_PUBKEY"
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CA_PUBKEY="$(cat "$CA_PUBKEY")"
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fi
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# 校验公钥格式
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if [[ ! "$CA_PUBKEY" =~ ^(ecdsa-sha2-nistp256|ssh-rsa|ssh-ed25519)[[:space:]] ]]; then
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err "CA 公钥格式不正确，应以 ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 / ssh-rsa / ssh-ed25519 开头"
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exit 1
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fi
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# SSO 邮箱 → 登录用户名
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if [[ -z "$LOGIN_USER" ]]; then
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if [[ -z "$SSO_EMAIL" ]]; then
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echo ""
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echo -e " ${YELLOW}⚠️ 重要：Cloudflare 浏览器 SSH 强制使用 SSO 邮箱前缀作为用户名${NC}"
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echo " 例如：admin@moe.tips → 用户名自动变为 admin"
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echo " 你无法在浏览器终端里选择用户名，它由邮箱前缀决定。"
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echo ""
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read -rp "请输入你的 Cloudflare SSO 登录邮箱: " SSO_EMAIL
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fi
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if [[ -n "$SSO_EMAIL" ]]; then
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LOGIN_USER="${SSO_EMAIL%%@*}"
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info "从邮箱 '$SSO_EMAIL' 提取的登录用户名: $LOGIN_USER"
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else
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LOGIN_USER="root"
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warn "未提供邮箱，默认使用 root（仅当你的邮箱前缀是 root 时才有效）"
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fi
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fi
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# root 模式自动启用 allow-all-principals
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if [[ "$LOGIN_USER" == "root" ]]; then
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ALLOW_ALL_PRINCIPALS=true
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fi
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# Tunnel Token
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if [[ -z "$TUNNEL_TOKEN" && "$SKIP_CLOUDFLARED" != true ]]; then
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echo ""
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echo -e " ${CYAN}Tunnel Token 获取方式：${NC}"
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echo " Cloudflare One → Networks → Tunnels → 选择/创建 Tunnel → Install connector"
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echo ""
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echo " 直接把控制台给你的整条命令粘贴进来，脚本会自动提取 Token："
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echo -e " ${GREEN}sudo cloudflared service install eyJhIjoiZDZjN2MwNT...${NC}"
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echo ""
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echo " （也可以只粘贴 eyJ... Token 部分；留空则跳过隧道服务注册）"
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echo ""
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read -rp "请粘贴命令或 Token: " TUNNEL_TOKEN_RAW
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TUNNEL_TOKEN="$(extract_tunnel_token "$TUNNEL_TOKEN_RAW")"
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fi
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}
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# ----- 安装 cloudflared -----
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install_cloudflared() {
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step "安装 cloudflared"
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if command -v cloudflared &>/dev/null; then
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local ver
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ver=$(cloudflared --version 2>&1 | head -1)
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info "cloudflared 已安装: $ver（跳过安装）"
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return 0
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fi
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if [[ "$DRY_RUN" == true ]]; then
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info "[DRY-RUN] 将安装 cloudflared（apt 方式）"
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return 0
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fi
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info "添加 Cloudflare GPG key 和 apt 源..."
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mkdir -p --mode=0755 /usr/share/keyrings
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curl -fsSL https://pkg.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-public-v2.gpg \
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| tee /usr/share/keyrings/cloudflare-public-v2.gpg >/dev/null
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echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/cloudflare-public-v2.gpg] https://pkg.cloudflare.com/cloudflared any main" \
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| tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/cloudflared.list >/dev/null
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info "正在安装 cloudflared（全程无交互）..."
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export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
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apt-get update -qq
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apt-get install -y -qq cloudflared
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if command -v cloudflared &>/dev/null; then
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info "cloudflared 安装成功: $(cloudflared --version 2>&1 | head -1)"
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else
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err "cloudflared 安装失败"
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exit 1
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fi
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}
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# ----- 注册 cloudflared 系统服务 -----
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register_cloudflared_service() {
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step "注册 cloudflared 系统服务"
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if [[ -z "$TUNNEL_TOKEN" ]]; then
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warn "未提供 Tunnel Token，跳过服务注册"
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echo ""
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echo " 后续手动注册命令："
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echo " sudo cloudflared service install <YOUR_TUNNEL_TOKEN>"
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echo ""
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return 0
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fi
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if systemctl is-active --quiet cloudflared 2>/dev/null; then
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info "cloudflared 服务已在运行（跳过）"
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return 0
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fi
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if [[ "$DRY_RUN" == true ]]; then
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info "[DRY-RUN] 将执行: cloudflared service install <TOKEN>"
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return 0
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fi
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info "执行 cloudflared service install ..."
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cloudflared service install "$TUNNEL_TOKEN"
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if systemctl is-active --quiet cloudflared 2>/dev/null; then
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info "cloudflared 服务已启动"
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else
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warn "cloudflared 服务注册完成但未自动启动，尝试启动..."
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systemctl start cloudflared
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systemctl enable cloudflared
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fi
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}
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# ----- 写入 CA 公钥 -----
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write_ca_pubkey() {
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step "写入 Cloudflare CA 公钥 → $CA_PUB_FILE"
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if [[ "$DRY_RUN" == true ]]; then
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info "[DRY-RUN] 将写入 CA 公钥到 $CA_PUB_FILE"
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return 0
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fi
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# 幂等：检查是否已包含相同公钥
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if [[ -f "$CA_PUB_FILE" ]]; then
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if grep -qF "$CA_PUBKEY" "$CA_PUB_FILE" 2>/dev/null; then
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info "CA 公钥已存在于 $CA_PUB_FILE（跳过）"
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return 0
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fi
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# 文件存在但内容不同，追加
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info "$CA_PUB_FILE 已存在，追加新公钥"
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echo "$CA_PUBKEY" >> "$CA_PUB_FILE"
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else
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echo "$CA_PUBKEY" > "$CA_PUB_FILE"
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fi
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chmod 644 "$CA_PUB_FILE"
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info "CA 公钥已写入"
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}
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# ----- 配置 sshd_config -----
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configure_sshd() {
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step "配置 $SSHD_CONFIG"
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if [[ ! -f "$SSHD_CONFIG" ]]; then
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err "$SSHD_CONFIG 不存在"
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exit 1
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fi
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# 备份
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local backup="${SSHD_CONFIG}.${BACKUP_SUFFIX}"
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cp "$SSHD_CONFIG" "$backup"
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info "已备份: $backup"
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if [[ "$DRY_RUN" == true ]]; then
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info "[DRY-RUN] 将修改 $SSHD_CONFIG"
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info "[DRY-RUN] PubkeyAuthentication yes"
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info "[DRY-RUN] TrustedUserCAKeys $CA_PUB_FILE"
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if [[ "$ALLOW_ALL_PRINCIPALS" == true ]]; then
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info "[DRY-RUN] AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand (allow all for $LOGIN_USER)"
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fi
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return 0
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fi
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local changed=false
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# --- PubkeyAuthentication yes ---
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if grep -qE '^\s*PubkeyAuthentication\s' "$SSHD_CONFIG"; then
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# 如果存在但不是 yes，替换
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if ! grep -qE '^\s*PubkeyAuthentication\s+yes' "$SSHD_CONFIG"; then
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sed -i 's/^\s*PubkeyAuthentication\s.*/PubkeyAuthentication yes/' "$SSHD_CONFIG"
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info "已修改 PubkeyAuthentication → yes"
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changed=true
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else
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info "PubkeyAuthentication yes 已存在"
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fi
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else
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# 不存在，添加到文件顶部（跳过注释）
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sed -i '1i PubkeyAuthentication yes' "$SSHD_CONFIG"
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info "已添加 PubkeyAuthentication yes"
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changed=true
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fi
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# --- TrustedUserCAKeys ---
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local ca_directive="TrustedUserCAKeys $CA_PUB_FILE"
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if grep -qE '^\s*TrustedUserCAKeys\s' "$SSHD_CONFIG"; then
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if ! grep -qF "$ca_directive" "$SSHD_CONFIG"; then
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sed -i "s|^\s*TrustedUserCAKeys\s.*|$ca_directive|" "$SSHD_CONFIG"
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info "已修改 TrustedUserCAKeys → $CA_PUB_FILE"
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changed=true
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else
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info "TrustedUserCAKeys 已正确配置"
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fi
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else
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# 添加到 PubkeyAuthentication 之后
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sed -i "/^PubkeyAuthentication/a $ca_directive" "$SSHD_CONFIG"
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info "已添加 $ca_directive"
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changed=true
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fi
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# --- 用户名映射（root / 共享账号模式）---
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if [[ "$ALLOW_ALL_PRINCIPALS" == true ]]; then
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configure_principals "$LOGIN_USER"
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fi
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# --- 确保 PermitRootLogin 允许公钥登录（仅 root 模式）---
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if [[ "$LOGIN_USER" == "root" ]]; then
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ensure_root_login
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fi
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if [[ "$changed" == true ]]; then
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info "sshd_config 已修改"
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else
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info "sshd_config 无需修改"
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fi
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# --- 校验 ---
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validate_and_reload "$backup"
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}
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# 配置 AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand，让任意 Access 用户都可以登录指定用户
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configure_principals() {
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local user="$1"
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# 标记行，用于幂等检查
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local marker="# --- Cloudflare Access short-lived cert: $user ---"
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if grep -qF "$marker" "$SSHD_CONFIG" 2>/dev/null; then
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info "AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand（$user）已配置（跳过）"
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return 0
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fi
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warn "⚠️ 将允许任意通过 Cloudflare Access 认证的用户以 '$user' 身份登录"
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warn "⚠️ 请确保你的 Access Policy 已正确限制可访问人员！"
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# 对于 root，使用全局 AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand
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# 对于其他用户，使用 Match User 块
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if [[ "$user" == "root" ]]; then
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cat >> "$SSHD_CONFIG" << EOF
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$marker
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# 允许任意 Cloudflare Access 短期证书用户以 root 登录
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# 安全性完全依赖 Cloudflare Access Policy，请务必正确配置！
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Match User root
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AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand /bin/bash -c "echo '%t %k' | ssh-keygen -L -f - | grep -A1 Principals"
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AuthorizedPrincipalsCommandUser nobody
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EOF
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else
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cat >> "$SSHD_CONFIG" << EOF
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$marker
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Match User $user
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AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand /bin/bash -c "echo '%t %k' | ssh-keygen -L -f - | grep -A1 Principals"
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AuthorizedPrincipalsCommandUser nobody
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EOF
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fi
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info "已添加 AuthorizedPrincipalsCommand（$user）"
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}
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# 确保 root 可以通过公钥登录
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ensure_root_login() {
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# PermitRootLogin 需要为 yes 或 prohibit-password 或 without-password
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if grep -qE '^\s*PermitRootLogin\s+(no|forced-commands-only)\b' "$SSHD_CONFIG"; then
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sed -i 's/^\s*PermitRootLogin\s.*/PermitRootLogin prohibit-password/' "$SSHD_CONFIG"
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info "已修改 PermitRootLogin → prohibit-password（允许证书登录，禁止密码）"
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elif grep -qE '^\s*PermitRootLogin\s' "$SSHD_CONFIG"; then
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info "PermitRootLogin 当前设置允许公钥登录"
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else
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echo "PermitRootLogin prohibit-password" >> "$SSHD_CONFIG"
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info "已添加 PermitRootLogin prohibit-password"
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fi
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}
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# ----- 校验并 reload -----
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validate_and_reload() {
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local backup="$1"
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step "校验 sshd 配置"
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if sshd -t 2>&1; then
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info "sshd -t 校验通过 ✓"
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else
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err "sshd -t 校验失败！正在回滚..."
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cp "$backup" "$SSHD_CONFIG"
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info "已回滚到备份: $backup"
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err "请手动检查 $SSHD_CONFIG 后重试"
|
||
exit 1
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
step "重新加载 SSH 服务"
|
||
if systemctl reload ssh 2>/dev/null || systemctl reload sshd 2>/dev/null; then
|
||
info "SSH 服务已 reload ✓"
|
||
else
|
||
warn "systemctl reload 失败，尝试 service ssh reload..."
|
||
service ssh reload 2>/dev/null || service sshd reload 2>/dev/null || {
|
||
err "SSH 服务 reload 失败，请手动执行: systemctl reload ssh"
|
||
exit 1
|
||
}
|
||
fi
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
# ----- 创建登录用户（如不存在） -----
|
||
create_login_user() {
|
||
local user="$1"
|
||
|
||
# root 不需要创建
|
||
if [[ "$user" == "root" ]]; then
|
||
return 0
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
step "检查 Linux 用户: $user"
|
||
|
||
if id "$user" &>/dev/null; then
|
||
info "用户 '$user' 已存在"
|
||
return 0
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
if [[ "$DRY_RUN" == true ]]; then
|
||
info "[DRY-RUN] 将创建用户 '$user' 并加入 sudo 组"
|
||
return 0
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
info "创建用户 '$user'（无密码，仅证书登录）..."
|
||
adduser --disabled-password --gecos "" --allow-bad-names "$user"
|
||
|
||
# 配置免密 sudo（证书用户没有密码，普通 sudo 组会要求输入密码）
|
||
local sudoers_file="/etc/sudoers.d/${user//[^a-zA-Z0-9_-]/-}"
|
||
echo "$user ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL" > "$sudoers_file"
|
||
chmod 440 "$sudoers_file"
|
||
info "用户 '$user' 已创建，免密 sudo 已配置 ✓"
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
# ----- 打印后续手工步骤 -----
|
||
print_next_steps() {
|
||
echo ""
|
||
echo -e "${CYAN}============================================================${NC}"
|
||
echo -e "${CYAN} 服务器端配置完成！以下是你需要在 Cloudflare 控制台完成的步骤：${NC}"
|
||
echo -e "${CYAN}============================================================${NC}"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
echo " 1. 创建 / 确认 Self-hosted Application"
|
||
echo " → Cloudflare One → Access controls → Applications"
|
||
echo " → 添加 Self-hosted Application，域名指向你的 SSH 服务"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
echo " 2. 开启 Browser Rendering"
|
||
echo " → 在 Application 设置中，Browser rendering → 选择 SSH"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
echo " 3. 生成 Short-lived Certificate（如果你还没生成 CA 公钥）"
|
||
echo " → Access controls → Service credentials → SSH"
|
||
echo " → Add a certificate → 选择你的 Application → Generate"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
echo " 4. 配置 Access Policy"
|
||
echo " → 在 Application 中配置谁可以访问（邮箱、域名、组等）"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
echo " 5. 测试"
|
||
echo " → 浏览器访问你配置的域名"
|
||
echo " → 完成 SSO 登录后，应直接进入网页 SSH 终端"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
echo -e " ${YELLOW}ℹ️ 浏览器终端强制使用 SSO 邮箱前缀作为用户名${NC}"
|
||
echo " 你必须用邮箱前缀为 '${LOGIN_USER}' 的账号登录 SSO"
|
||
if [[ -n "$SSO_EMAIL" ]]; then
|
||
echo " 即使用: ${SSO_EMAIL}"
|
||
fi
|
||
echo ""
|
||
|
||
if [[ "$LOGIN_USER" == "root" ]]; then
|
||
echo -e " ${YELLOW}⚠️ 重要提醒：${NC}"
|
||
echo -e " ${YELLOW} 你配置的是 root 登录模式。${NC}"
|
||
echo -e " ${YELLOW} 只有邮箱前缀为 'root' 的 SSO 账号才能通过浏览器 SSH 登录！${NC}"
|
||
echo -e " ${YELLOW} 服务器安全性完全依赖 Access Policy，确保只允许受信任的用户访问！${NC}"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
else
|
||
echo -e " ${GREEN}✅ 服务器已配置用户 '${LOGIN_USER}'（带 sudo 权限）${NC}"
|
||
echo " 登录后可用 sudo -i 获取 root shell"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
if [[ -z "$TUNNEL_TOKEN" && "$SKIP_CLOUDFLARED" != true ]]; then
|
||
echo " ⓘ cloudflared 已安装但 Tunnel 服务未注册。"
|
||
echo " 如需注册，请在控制台获取 Token 后执行："
|
||
echo " sudo cloudflared service install <YOUR_TUNNEL_TOKEN>"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
echo -e "${GREEN} 配置文件位置：${NC}"
|
||
echo " CA 公钥: $CA_PUB_FILE"
|
||
echo " sshd_config: $SSHD_CONFIG"
|
||
echo " sshd 备份: ${SSHD_CONFIG}.${BACKUP_SUFFIX}"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
# =============================================================================
|
||
# 主流程
|
||
# =============================================================================
|
||
main() {
|
||
echo ""
|
||
echo -e "${CYAN}╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗${NC}"
|
||
echo -e "${CYAN}║ Cloudflare Browser SSH + Short-lived Certificates Setup ║${NC}"
|
||
echo -e "${CYAN}╚══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝${NC}"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
|
||
check_root
|
||
check_os
|
||
prompt_missing_params
|
||
|
||
echo ""
|
||
info "配置摘要："
|
||
info " SSO 邮箱: ${SSO_EMAIL:-(未提供)}"
|
||
info " 登录用户: $LOGIN_USER"
|
||
info " 允许任意 principal: $ALLOW_ALL_PRINCIPALS"
|
||
info " 安装 cloudflared: $( [[ "$SKIP_CLOUDFLARED" == true ]] && echo '跳过' || echo '是' )"
|
||
info " Tunnel Token: $( [[ -n "$TUNNEL_TOKEN" ]] && echo '已提供' || echo '未提供' )"
|
||
info " Dry Run: $DRY_RUN"
|
||
echo ""
|
||
|
||
if [[ "$DRY_RUN" != true ]]; then
|
||
read -rp "确认以上配置并继续？[Y/n] " confirm
|
||
if [[ "${confirm,,}" =~ ^n ]]; then
|
||
info "已取消"
|
||
exit 0
|
||
fi
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
# 1. cloudflared
|
||
if [[ "$SKIP_CLOUDFLARED" != true ]]; then
|
||
install_cloudflared
|
||
register_cloudflared_service
|
||
else
|
||
info "跳过 cloudflared 安装（--skip-cloudflared）"
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
# 2. CA 公钥
|
||
write_ca_pubkey
|
||
|
||
# 3. 创建登录用户
|
||
create_login_user "$LOGIN_USER"
|
||
|
||
# 4. sshd 配置
|
||
configure_sshd
|
||
|
||
# 4. 后续步骤
|
||
print_next_steps
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
main "$@"
|